SERPINB6 and viral infectious disease: In summary, exogenous dsRNA application is a multi-faceted technology which mainly triggers RNAi, the major virus resistance pathway, and also induces PTI/PAR-based mechanisms which may represent a safeguard strategy in case the RNAi mechanisms fail to be effective to counter virus infection (although the PTI/PAR mechanisms may still fail if a particular virus encodes effectors which can switch off PTI/PAR responses).