STAT3 and colon carcinoma: The authors have previously demonstrated that the apoptotic effect of UA on colon carcinoma cells occurs through the modulation of various signaling pathways such as STAT3, ERK, JNK, and p38MAPK [216]; the modulation of STAT3 and miR-4500 by UA was also reported by Kim et al., who established that UA inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 by JAK2, hence suppressing cell proliferation and up-regulating MiR-4500, which acts as tumor suppressor [217].