TNF and breast cancer: Moreover, UA was able to stop breast cancer progression by inhibiting the inflammatory processes modulated by NF-kB; the phytocompound blocked the phosphorylation of NF-kB by inhibiting the expression of IKKα following the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ), thus ameliorating the inflammatory response in breast cancer cells [225].