HP and autoimmune disease: In the case of subjects genetically predisposed to autoimmune diseases, changes in the structure and function of their intestinal microbiota caused by environmental factors will disrupt the function of the zonulin-dependent intestinal barrier (inadequate control of antigen flows), i.e., zonulin-dependent loss of the intestinal mucosal barrier, leading to “leaky gut” or the “permeable intestine” and a dysfunctional immune response of the mucosa, with implications for autoimmunity and chronic inflammatory diseases [134,139,142,143,144].