Both diagnoses of TFE3 and TFEB-tRCC are performed on morphological and immunohistochemical features, but, to date, TFE break-apart fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) remains the gold standard for diagnosis. This evidence concerns the gene TFE3 and renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusions.