TGFB1 and leiomyoma: The TGFβ pathway is greatly altered in leiomyoma [31,32,33]; even though it is generally described as upregulated in leiomyoma compared to healthy myometrium (and in this line miRNAs converging to this pathway were expected to be downregulated), the TFGβ pathway consists of many different proteins that act with distinct, and sometimes even opposite, effects.