The expression of the three miRNAs (hsa-miR-122-5p; hsa-miR-576-3p; hsa-miR-595) involved in the TGFβ signaling pathway was significantly higher in L-MSCs than in AF-MSCs, whereas it did not change in 2 of 3 miRNAs (hsa-miR-595; hsa-miR-576-3p) in M-MSCs compared to AF-MSCs; finally, all three miRNAs (hsa-miR-924; hsa-miR-146a-5p; hsa-miR-658) related to cell cycle were significantly downregulated in M-MSCs and only one (hsa-miR-146a-5p) in L-MSCs compared to AF-MSCs. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is atrial fibrillation.