About 40% of leiomyomas has non-random and tumor-specific chromosomal abnormalities and, consequently, much attention has been paid to the study of genes located in chromosomal regions affected by recurrent changes, such as the subunit 12 of the mediator complex (MED12), high mobility group AT-Hook 2 (HMGA2), and type I procollagen cooh-terminal proteinase enhancer (PCOLCE). This evidence concerns the gene HMGA2 and neoplasm.