Increased TNF-α signaling enhances the pro-oncogenic signaling pathways in epithelial cells through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and NF-kB pathways, exacerbating the effects of proinflammatory cytokines in cancer-associated inflammation, especially IL-1β and IL-6, and accelerating tumor growth [226]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is cancer.