Although clinical and intervention studies in mouse models of HF have established an association of HDL-C, HDL-apoA-I, and HDL-p with disease severity and outcome in CHF and AHF [25,26,27,28,29,30,31], the role and prognostic value of the subset of HDL particles containing apoA-II (HDL-apoA-II) in CHF and AHF remain unexplored. Here, APOA1 is linked to congestive heart failure.