ROS are known to induce both apoptosis and autophagy pathways in tumor cells by expressing genes such as caspase-3, PARP, and LC3B, thereby suppressing the malignant phenotype of tumor cells [39,40,41]; thus, emodin can sensitize cells to carfilzomib to induce apoptosis and autophagy. The gene discussed is MAP1LC3B; the disease is neoplasm.