Several studies identified Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP), Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), transforming growth factor-β activated kinase (TAK1) and Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) as overexpressed in primary AML cells. The gene discussed is IL1RAP; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.