TNFSF10 and lung carcinoma: In this study we have shown: (1) that Dina can be encapsulated into TRAIL-expressing EVs to produce the complexed agent EV-T-Dina, (2) that integrated Dina and TRAIL are synergistic for the specific killing of cancer cells with high efficiency, (3) that EV encapsulation improves Dina stability both in vitro and in vivo, (4) that EV-mediated aerosol delivery showed both a unique distribution and an improved drug retention in the lungs, (5) and that the aerosol delivery of EV-T-Dina demonstrated high efficacy and good safety for lung cancer treatment.