Carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1), protein S100-A16 (S100A16), mucin-1 (MUC1), and KH domain-containing, RNA-binding, signal transduction-associated protein 3 (KHDRBS3) showed increased activity in the IBD colonoids compared to the IBD enteroids, while bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase-like (BAAT), annexin A13 (ANXA13), and aminopeptidase N (ANPEP) exhibited decreased expression levels (Figure 5). Here, ANPEP is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.