In view of cytoplasmic survivin expression, the median IRS consistently averaged 3.5 in the central and peripheral tumour areas as well as in lymph node metastases, whereas in healthy pancreatic tissue the median cytoplasmic IRS for survivin was gradually lower with 3.0 (p < 0.01) (Figure 1b and Figure 2a–c). This evidence concerns the gene BIRC5 and neoplasm.