Distinguishing cytoplasmic from otherwise nuclear expression, Sarela et al. described that of 52 pancreatic adenocarcinomas investigated 88% presented with cytoplasmic localisation of survivin, whereby strong expression significantly correlated with increased cellular proliferation as measured by Ki-67 co-expression, and, surprisingly, increased apoptosis determined by TUNEL assays [42]. This evidence concerns the gene BIRC5 and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.