CTNNB1 and hepatocellular adenoma: However, CTNNB1 mutation alone does not seem to induce liver carcinogenesis since only about 50% of hepatocellular adenomas containing beta-catenin activating variants evolve into liver cancer over time, suggesting the presence of other oxidative stress response pathways necessary to promote carcinogenesis in the liver in collaboration with beta-catenin/Wnt signalling [124].