TF and vitamin deficiency: Many biochemical parameters can add information about a patient’s protein status (serum albumin, prealbumin, ans transferrin), organ function (serum urea, creatinine, and liver enzymes), bone health (serum calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D), anemia (iron studies and vitamin levels), evidence of inflammation (serum c-reactive protein (CRP] and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR]) and specific mineral and vitamin deficiencies (zinc and vitamins B12, B1, A, D, and E) [21,22].