ctDNA detected in 55% of HCC patients included the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter in 31% of these patients, tumor protein 53 (TP53) in 21%, catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) in 13% and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in 7%. Here, TP53 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.