Alongside the moderate restriction of human TNBC xenograft growth, the suboptimal dosing of SNS-032 had two further effects: a) higher human CD45+ immune cell infiltration in human TNBC xenografts from immunodeficient mice engrafted with human immune cells, when compared with vehicle-treated controls and b) an upregulation of PD-L1 by tumor cells in vitro and in the TNBC model in vivo. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.