SOD1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Moreover, in 135 T2DM patients, ALA (600 mg/od for 6 months) consistently increased erythrocyte SOD and GPX activity vs. placebo [229]; in another study on 105 T2DM subjects ALA (600 mg/od for 3 months) improved metabolic control, increased serum SOD and erythrocyte GPX activity and decreased plasma MDA [223] (Table 4).