As one of the key regulators of autophagy, the involvement of the mTOR signalling pathway in the pathophysiology of major ocular neurogenerative diseases, including DR (Table 2), AMD (Table 3), glaucoma (Table 4), and RP, was summarised in this review, which focused on the common pathological processes, including mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated ROS level, and increased ER stress induced by oxidative stress, hypoxia, and inflammation (Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and retinitis pigmentosa 1.