Resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, and compounds derived from plants including Punica granatum, Cichorium intybus, Carthamus tinctorius (Honghua)and Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) could potentially prevent various diseases such as CVD, atherosclerosis, obesity, DM, hepatic disorders, and inflammatory diseases via affecting the PON1 signalling pathway [16]. Here, PON1 is linked to atherosclerosis.