In contrast, when non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H1299 cells express a lower amount of ectopic EYFP -TIAF1 and a higher amount of ECFP-SMAD4, TGF-β1 increases the binding of EYFP-TIAF1 with ECFP-SMAD4, as determined by time-lapse FRET microscopy [63], NCI-H1299 is also a WWOXf cell line [36], Notably, an initial binding force between TIAF1 with SMAD4 is gradually increased followed by reduction, hereby designated as phase I. In phase II, the binding force between TIAF1 and SMAD4 becomes stronger than phase I by 30%. The gene discussed is SMAD4; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.