GREM1 and colorectal carcinoma: To evaluate the functional role of GREM1 in CRC cells, we stably overexpressed or knocked down GREM1 in human CRC SW480 and HCT116 cells using a lentivirus-based system including a GREM1 gene vector and its control (pLV-GREM1 vs. pLV), and the shRNA targeting GREM1 and its control (shGREM1 vs. shNC).