Compared with the non-diabetes cerebral I/R injury model in vivo and in vitro, the expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), GSDM-N, cleaved caspase-1 and p62 in the diabetes cerebral I/R injury model increased, and the ratio of microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) II/I decreased; these effects were reversed by mild hypothermia, indicating that mild hypothermia upregulated autophagy and suppressed pyroptosis. This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and diabetes mellitus.