Similar to oleuropein, its aglycone also increased SIRT1 protein levels in 6-month-old TgCRND8 mice and in the neuronal cell line, N2a, treated with N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), in in vivo and in vitro models of Alzheimer’s disease, respectively. Here, SIRT1 is linked to early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.