So far, Rpn11 with DUB activity has been shown to function in diverse proteasome-dependent biological processes, including c-Jun stability, E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1)-mediated tumor formation, human epidermal growth factor 2 (ErbB2) expression level, DNA repair, osteoclast and embryonic stem cell differentiation, and aggresome disassembly and clearance (Table 1) [70,71,72,73,74,126,127,128]. The gene discussed is E2F1; the disease is neoplasm.