As inflammation plays a critical role in the development and progression of cancer [54], we assessed the effects of si-m/hVDAC1-B tumor treatment on the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activated form (p-NF-kB-p65), These were analyzed by IF using specific antibodies (Figure 7A–D). Here, TNF is linked to cancer.