The expression of VDAC1 in several cell lines was also analyzed using immunoblotting, with VDAC1-specific antibodies, showing the overexpression of VDAC1 in various cancer cell lines by up to five fold relative to VDAC1 levels in the noncancerous or transformed cells (Mef, HEK-293, and HaCat) (Figure 1C,D). Here, VDAC1 is linked to cancer.