TNF and chronic kidney disease: In our work, we also measured markers of intestinal translocation (endotoxins, LPS-binding protein, TLR4, and sCD14), inflammatory parameters (C-reactive protein, ferritin, sedimentation velocity, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and the anti-inflammatory IL-10), uremic toxins (PCS, 3-INDS, 3-IAA, and TMAO), and other routine laboratory parameters (such as urea, proteinuria, albumin, haemoglobin, cholesterol and its different fractions, triglycerides, calcium, parathormone, BNP), but no statistical significant differences were found between CKD-PD patients with or without VC.