AKT1 and neoplasm: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway is vital to many hallmarks of tumours, such as cell growth, metabolism, and genomic instability, as well as angiogenesis and inflammation, and can function alone or in combination with many other important signalling pathways [8, 9].