CCL2 and Hepatic fibrosis: MenSCs markedly decreased expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in liver tissue and suppressed activated hepatic stellate cells via paracrine mediators such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-6, HGF, etc, further degraded collagen content in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis [39].