APOE and atrophic macular degeneration: Further, various metabolic pathways were upregulated in the geographic atrophy cohort, including for the retinoid metabolism (RETSAT, RDH11, RDH13, Fig. 3d), and reduced expression of the retinoic acid-binding protein CRABP1 - the most decreased protein in the geographic atrophy cohort); lipid including cholesterol metabolism (MLYCD, CYP20A1, CYP27A1, ACOT1, HSD17B12, TECR, KDSR, APOE, DHRS13, Fig. 3e, f), and gluconeogenesis and glycolysis (ALDOA, ENO3, Fig. 3g).