GAL and neoplasm: The siRNA of the glypican-3 (GPC-3) gene (siGPC-3), a new target for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy, can induce specific gene silencing of GPC-3 in HCC, and galactose (GAL)-AuNRs-siGPC-3, obtained using GAL as the target portion of HCC, can induce GPC-3 gene silencing and photothermal effect to achieve tumor synergistic therapy [114].