This agrees with the findings of Fernandez et al. [29], Betancur et al. [32], Cruz-Estupiñan et al. [26], and Ansari-lari [7] but differs with Bedoya et al. [25], who found an association with age and established it as a risk factor for infection with Neospora. Doria-Ramos et al. [30] reported a relationship between the breed and age with the presentation of PI3; however, in Chiquinquirá, no association was found between seropositivity for antibodies against PI3 and the described variables. The gene discussed is PI3; the disease is infection.