Downstream transcription factors and pathways which CXCL8 activates include mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase (ERK), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), all of which have been linked to tumour progression and hyperactivity is associated with poor clinical outcomes [10, 11]. Here, STAT3 is linked to neoplasm.