Interestingly, in a previous study we showed that IL-4 KO BALB/c mice showed minor lupus-like disease manifestations, compared to wild-type BALB/c mice, with decreased production of IgG anti-NPA antibodies, absence of anti-cardiolipin, anti-histone and anti-coagulant antibodies, and no kidney or skin lesions. Here, IL4 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.