demonstrated that P. alecto bats have a dampened NLR-family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), a PRR that activates inflammatory mediators during virus infection (Zhao and Zhao, 2020) and it is important in sensing Influenza A virus, Melaka virus, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV (Ahn et al., 2019; Chen et al., 2019). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is viral infectious disease.