In the global phase 3 ALEX study, alectinib significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared with crizotinib (median PFS = 34.8 versus 10.9 mo, stratified hazard ratio [HR] = 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32–0.58) and produced a clinically meaningful improvement in 5-year overall survival (OS) in patients with treatment-naive ALK-positive NSCLC.3 This evidence concerns the gene ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.