These data suggest that microglia are markedly affected by sex in AD and, because iron handling by cells is inextricably linked with altered microglial phenotype (McIntosh et al., 2019; Ndayisaba et al., 2019), we examined iron accumulation in Iba1+ microglia in sections from male and female AD patients and controls. The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.