APP and neurodegenerative disease: A further indication of a sex-specific alteration in mitochondrial function is identified here since ROS was specifically increased in microglia from female APP/PS1 mice compared with WT whereas there was no genotype-related change in males, while P16 accumulation, which increases as early as 4 months of age in hippocampus of the MAPT P301S PS19 mouse model of tau-dependent neurodegenerative disease (Bussian et al., 2018), was also increased to a greater extent in microglia from female APP/PS1 mice compared with males.