Garlic has also been shown to exert antioxidants and neuroprotective effects, inhibit retinal ischemia, and decrease the expression of VEGF, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 [9–11]. This evidence concerns the gene NOS2 and retinal ischemia.