PTEN and thyroid gland carcinoma: This study, using a ThrbPV/PV/Pten+/- mouse model, points out that such a diet can cause increased proliferation of thyroid cancer cells, induced anaplastic changes, and increased serum leptin levels (43) through activation of the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription (3 JAK2-STAT3) signaling pathway.