VHL and kidney cancer: The average growth rate of HLRCC-associated kidney cancer is estimated to be 1.06 cm per year, whereas the median growth rate of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-associated kidney cancer is 0.37 cm per year and that of BHD-associated kidney cancer is 0.1 cm per year (Ball et al., 2020; Paschall et al., 2020).