Accumulating evidence suggest that BDNF decreases KCC2 expression and function in several adult brain regions (Moore et al., 2017), under different neuropathological conditions including epilepsy (Rivera et al., 2002), traumatic brain injury (Shulga et al., 2008), and nociception (Ferrini et al., 2013). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is epilepsy.