HLA-C and neoplasm: To discover immunogenic neoantigens, the current framework often includes the following steps (Figure 1): obtaining patient tumor specimens and finding somatic mutations by NGS, predicting and selecting the possible neoantigens that can be presented by an MHC molecule of a given patient through in silico analysis or/and protein mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, and lastly testing the immunogenicity of the candidate neoantigens.