In the same study, OMVs from A. muciniphila (AmOMV) suppressed the production of IL-6 in colonic epithelial cells (CT26 cell line) stimulated with OMVs from Escherichia coli in vitro, and oral administration of AmOMV, but not viable bacteria, attenuated DSS-induced colitis in vivo (36). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and colitis.