SIRT1 and atherosclerosis: In addition, the activation of NF-kB signaling pathway inhibits the anti-inflammatory pathway, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) signaling pathway, which is closely related to the development of non-infectious chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis and DKD (Stein et al., 2010; Kauppinen et al., 2013; Sun et al., 2021).