CSF3 and acute myeloid leukemia: The fludarabine, Ara-C, and G-CSF (FLAG) combined with anthracycline regimens in children and young adults with RR-AML were reported to produce a CR rate of 69%-74% [18, 19], but the profound myelosuppression, high treatment-related death rate, and final low long-term survival rate have limited the use of this regimen as a standard reinduction chemotherapy protocol for pediatric RR-AML [20, 21].