TNF and liver dysplastic nodule: In RF related to streptozotocin (STZ), or alloxan monohydrate–induced DN, the active components of Cordyceps, Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides (CCP) or N6-(2-hydroxyethyl) adenosine (HEA), are effective in reducing the expression of proinflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum and kidney and in reducing the expression of interstitial fibrosis-associated proteins α-SMA and collagen I (Wang et al., 2019; Yang et al., 2020).