PNPLA3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: TM6SF2 rs58542926 C > T gene variants leading to substitution of glutamate for lysine result in increased steatosis and advanced fibrosis in NASH patients (Liu et al., 2014a; Kozlitina et al., 2014) and are associated with NASH- HCC (Chen et al., 2015), independent of diabetes, obesity or PNPLA3 genotype.