treated Ldlr-/- mice with antibiotics and subsequently transplanted them with faecal microbiota from Casp1-/- mice based on a cohousing approach, and the proinflammatory flora was transferred between the two groups, accelerating the atherosclerosis process in Ldlr-/-mice (Brandsma et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene LDLR and atherosclerosis.