IL4 and acute kidney injury: It has been reported that in rhabdomyolysis-associated AKI, EPO promotes macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype via the Janus Kinase 2(JAK2)/STAT3/STAT6 pathway in response to IL-4 stimulation, thereby reducing M1 damage to the relevant tissues and enhancing the healing and repair mechanisms of M2 macrophages (63).