APOBEC3B, a member of the APOBEC protein family, is a significant contributor towards APOBEC mutagenesis [5,6], and is upregulated in many cancer types—especially cancers originating within tissues that are exposed to pathogens, e.g. lung squamous-cell carcinoma (LUSC) and adenocarcinoma, bladder, breast, head and neck, and cervical cancers.[1,2,7,8] Furthermore, APOBEC proteins efficiently deaminate deoxycytidines neighboring DNA damage associated with reactive oxygen species and tobacco, and thus APOBEC mutagenesis is particularly relevant to lung tissue. The gene discussed is APOBEC3B; the disease is cancer.