CCS and cyst: For further external validation, the univariable analysis showed that the PSC (p = 0.008), MPD dilation ≥10 mm (p = 0.005), thickened enhancing cyst walls (p = 0.018), Ca19‐9 ≥ 37 U/mL (p = 0.039), and CCS (p < 0.001) were potential predictive indicators for the presence of malignant IPMNs in the validation cohort.